Taking path dependence seriously: an historical institutionalist research agenda in planning history

This paper outlines an historical institutionalist (HI) research agenda for planning history. HI approaches to the understanding of institutions, path dependence, positive feedback effects in public policy, and patterned processes of institutional change offer a robust theoretical framework and a valuable set of conceptual and analytic tools for the analysis of continuity and change in public policy. Yet, to date, there has been no systematic effort to incorporate historical institutionalism into planning history research. The body of the paper proposes planning history relevant definitions of institutions, path dependence, critical junctures, and incremental change processes, outlines recent HI literature applying and extending these concepts, and frames a number of research questions for planning history that these approaches suggest. A concluding section explores the potential application and leverage of HI approaches to the study of planning history and international comparative planning studies and outlines a research agenda.     

Developing efficient management strategies for a water supply system using system dynamics modelling

In this paper, the causal feedback relationships among the components that make up the working mechanism of water supply systems management, including key factors and their relationship to the management of water pipes, were identified based on the conceptual framework established for water supply systems management. Subsequently, a system dynamics computer simulation model, which can be used to aid efficient management of water supply systems, was developed. The computer model consisted of water supply, pipe maintenance, and water supply business finance sub-models. The model was verified using historical data from a water supply service case study. Using the verified model, long-term managerial and operating conditions of the case study system were predicted under optimistic, basic, and pessimistic management condition scenarios. In addition, sensitivity analyses on major indicators of the case study system have been presented to show that the developed model can facilitate identification of the best policy for achieving a specific management objective of a water supply system.     

A new continuous sliding mode control approach with actuator saturation for control of 2-DOF helicopter system

The 2-degree of freedom (DOF) helicopter system is a typical higher-order, multi-variable, nonlinear and strong coupled control system. The helicopter dynamics also includes parametric uncertainties and is subject to unknown external disturbances. Such complicated system requires designing a sophisticated control algorithm that can handle these difficulties. This paper presents a new robust control algorithm which is a combination of two continuous control techniques, composite nonlinear feedback (CNF) and super-twisting control (STC) methods. In the existing integral sliding mode (ISM) based CNF control law, the discontinuous term exhibits chattering which is not desirable for many practical applications. As the continuity of well known STC reduces chattering in the system, the proposed strategy is beneficial over the current ISM based CNF control law which has a discontinuous term. Two controllers with integral sliding surface are designed to control the position of the pitch and the yaw angles of the 2- DOF helicopter. The adequacy of this specific combination has been exhibited through general analysis, simulation and experimental results of 2-DOF helicopter setup. The acquired results demonstrate the good execution of the proposed controller regarding stabilization, following reference input without overshoot against actuator saturation and robustness concerning to the limited matched disturbances.     

Model-based adaptive sliding mode control of the subcritical boiler-turbine system with uncertainties

As higher requirements are proposed for the load regulation and efficiency enhancement, the control performance of boiler-turbine systems has become much more important. In this paper, a novel robust control approach is proposed to improve the coordinated control performance for subcritical boiler-turbine units. To capture the key features of the boiler-turbine system, a nonlinear control-oriented model is established and validated with the history operation data of a 300 MW unit. To achieve system linearization and decoupling, an adaptive feedback linearization strategy is proposed, which could asymptotically eliminate the linearization error caused by the model uncertainties. Based on the linearized boiler-turbine system, a second-order sliding mode controller is designed with the super-twisting algorithm. Moreover, the closed-loop system is proved robustly stable with respect to uncertainties and disturbances. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme, which achieves excellent tracking performance, strong robustness and chattering reduction.     

波登管力反馈型2D压力伺服阀特性

设计了主要用于飞机刹车系统的2D压力伺服阀,其阀芯具有移动自由度和旋转自由度。将波登管作为压力反馈单元输出反馈力矩,与拨杆拨叉联动,实现与主阀的闭环力反馈,从而保持其压力输出恒定;分析了波登管力反馈机构的传力方式,建立了2D压力伺服阀的数学模型,仿真分析了主阀的静动态特性;设计了样机实验方案并搭建实验平台,实验结果表明：2D压力伺服阀输出压力与旋转电磁铁输入电流基本成线性关系,输出压力的阶跃响应时间约为18 ms。实验结果与仿真分析结果基本一致。     

Navier - Stokes系统降维模型中线性反馈控制的分析与逼近

讨论了Navier - Stokes系统降维模型的线性反馈控制问题.首先介绍了特征正交分解方法(proper orthogonal decomposition, POD),然后利用该方法建立了Navier - Stokes系统反馈控制问题的降维模型,最后运用Ritz - Galerkin方法估计了线性反馈控制问题的降维模型解与有限元解之间的误差,并给出了计算降维模型解和速度跟踪问题的算法.     

超Lorenz 混沌系统的同步及其在保密通信中的应用

为了加密并准确解密传输的信息,将超Lorenz混沌系统的同步应用在保密通信中。基于线性稳定性定理,对超五阶Lorenz系统实现了超混沌系统的输出反馈控制同步,设计了超混沌系统的输出反馈控制器,实现了响应系统与驱动系统的同步,并将同步的混沌系统应用到混沌掩盖保密通信中。仿真结果表明,超Lorenz混沌系统能够快速达到同步,且在混沌掩盖通信方案中,有用信号可以有效地在接收端恢复出来。     

状态反馈法改善MEMS静电驱动结构瞬时特性的研究

MEMS静电驱动结构的瞬时特性受其结构本身机械动态特性的影响,自然阻尼过高或者过低都可能会让系统发生操作偏差.利用状态空间分析法分析了MEMS静电驱动结构的工作机理.基于状态反馈原则设计了一种输入量控制方法,即根据系统要求指标来配置极点,实现最优控制.仿真实验结果证明,该方法能提高系统的瞬时特性.     

多输入多输出正交频分复用浅海水声通信打孔判决反馈信道估计算法

主要研究多输入多输出正交频分复用(MIMO-OFDM)水声通信判决反馈信道估计技术。针对传统判决反馈信道估计算法在非高斯加性噪声环境下跟踪估计缓慢时变水声信道存在误码遗传的缺点,提出了水声通信打孔判决反馈信道估计算法。利用级联码解编码信息评价水声信道频域响应估计值的可靠性,删除偏差明显的频域子信道,结合插值等手段恢复完整的信道频域响应,作为信道反馈信息。仿真和水池实验结果表明,基于打孔技术的判决反馈信道估计算法相较传统算法能够更好地抑制误码遗传,对抗突发噪声,跟踪信道的缓慢时变,提高水声通信质量。     

一种反馈线性化弹道跟踪制导律设计

针对防空导弹弹道跟踪问题,基于反馈线性化理论设计了一种弹道跟踪制导律。使用反馈线性化方法对导弹质点运动模型精确线性化;利用该线性化模型和线性二次型最优调节器(LQR)理论设计跟踪制导律,并给出制导系统工作流程;在存在初始误差和随机风干扰的条件下,将所设计的跟踪制导律应用于导弹质点运动仿真,并与基于小扰动模型设计的LQR跟踪制导律进行比较。结果表明,基于反馈线性化所设计的制导律性能更好。